Paris, France, 4 June 2018: REN21, the global renewable energy policy network, has announced the publication of its Renewables 2018 Global Status Report (GSR), in a Press communiqué. According to REN21, the GSR is the most comprehensive annual overview of the state of renewable energy worldwide.

Renewable power accounted for 70% of net additions to global power generating capacity in 2017, the largest increase in renewable power capacity in modern history, the GSR said. However, the heating, cooling and transport sectors, which together account for about four-fifths of global final energy demand, continue to lag far behind the power sector, the GSR further said.

New solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity reached record levels: Solar PV additions were up 29% relative to 2016, to 98 GW, the GSR said. More solar PV generating capacity was added to the electricity system than net capacity additions of coal, natural gas and nuclear power combined, the GSR further said. Wind power also drove the uptake of renewables with 52 GW added globally, the GSR added.

Investment in new renewable power capacity was more than twice that of net, new fossil fuel and nuclear power capacity combined, despite large, ongoing subsidies for fossil fuel generation, the GSR said. More than two-thirds of investments in power generation were in renewables in 2017, thanks to their increasing cost-competitiveness – and the share of renewables in the power sector is expected to only continue to rise, the GSR further said.

According to REN21, investment in renewables was regionally concentrated: China, Europe and the United States accounted for nearly 75% of global investment in renewables in 2017. However, when measured per unit of gross domestic product (GDP), the Marshall Islands, Rwanda, the Solomon Islands, Guinea-Bissau, and many other developing countries are investing as much as or more in renewables than developed and emerging economies, the GSR said.

Both energy demand and energy-related CO₂ emissions rose substantially for the first time in four years, the GSR said. Energy-related CO₂ emissions rose by 1.4%, while global energy demand increased an estimated 2.1% in 2017, due to economic growth in emerging economies as well as population growth, the GSR further said. Renewable energy uptake is not keeping pace with this increasing energy demand and the continuous investment in fossil and nuclear capacity, the GSR added.

According to REN21, in the power sector, the transition to renewables is under way but is progressing more slowly than is possible or desirable. A commitment made under the 2015 Paris climate agreement to limit global temperature rise to “well below” two degrees C above pre-industrial levels makes the nature of the challenge much clearer, the GSR said.

If the world is to achieve the target set in the Paris agreement, then heating, cooling and transport will need to follow the same path as the power sector – and fast, the GSR said. These sectors have seen little change in renewables uptake in heating and cooling, the GSR further said. Modern renewable energy supplied approximately 10% of total global heat production in 2015 and national targets for renewable energy in heating and cooling exist in only 48 countries around the world, whereas 146 countries have targets for renewable energy in the power sector, the GSR added.

According to REN21, small changes are under way. In India, for example, installations of solar thermal collectors rose approximately 25% in 2017 as compared to 2016, the GSR said. China aims to have 2% of the cooling loads of its buildings come from solar thermal energy by 2020, the GSR further said.

In transport, increasing electrification is offering possibilities for renewable energy uptake despite the dominance of fossil fuels, the GSR said. More than 30 million two- and three-wheeled electric vehicles are being added to the world’s roads every year, and 1.2 million passenger electric cars were sold in 2017, up about 58% from 2016, the GSR further said. Electricity provides 1.3% of transport energy needs, of which about one-quarter is renewable, and biofuels provide 2.9%, the GSR added. Overall, however, 92% of transport energy demand continues to be met by oil, and only 42 countries have national targets for the use of renewable energy in transport, the GSR said.

According to REN21, for these sectors to change, the right policy frameworks need to be put in place, driving innovation and the development of new renewable energy technologies in the sectors that are lagging.

Commenting on the report’s findings, Rana Adib, Executive Secretary, REN21, said: “Equating ‘electricity’ with ‘energy’ is leading to complacency. We may be racing down the pathway towards a 100% renewable electricity future, but when it comes to heating, cooling and transport, we are coasting along as if we had all the time in the world. Sadly, we don’t.”

Arthouros Zervos, Chair, REN21, added: “To make the energy transition happen, there needs to be political leadership by governments – for example, by ending subsidies for fossil fuels and nuclear, investing in the necessary infrastructure, and establishing hard targets and policy for heating, cooling and transport. Without this leadership, it will be difficult for the world to meet climate or sustainable development commitments.”